As we discover more and more
planets circling stars beyond our sun, the question naturally arises - what
makes habitable planets like our Earth? An answer to this profound
question focuses on the existence of the giant planet Jupiter in our own solar
system. The presence of the "King of Planets" living beyond Mars and
the main asteroid belt, is often regarded by astronomers as one of the most
important factors make pleasant life in our solar system. Indeed, asteroids and
comets that invade other parts of the harmful solar system, are considered to
have been deflected by this protection "King of Planets". More
recently, however, some have called Jupiter astronomers paper concerned.
Our Sun was born as a sister-member of a group of
stars in a cold cloud, dark, molecular. Today, our sun is a beautiful but
relatively small main -sequência (hydrogen combustion) common star. There are
eight major planets and a variety of other objects, particularly small,
surrounding this small bright golden star. The eight large planets - Mercury,
Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune - quietly run around
our star. There are also other small objects orbiting the sun in large numbers.
The main asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter, is the home of small objects,
which are rocky like those finally frozen together in the early history of our
solar system to form the inner planets of normal size - Mercury, Venus , Earth
and Mars. In addition, there is a remote fallen belt, ice cream, objects
similar to comets are similar to those that eventually merged to form the cores
of the giant outer planets - Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune. That distant
belt, called the Kuiper Belt, located beyond the orbit of Neptune and contains a
multitude of objects similar to comets, like the dwarf planet Pluto. Beyond the
Kuiper belt, there is a more distant sphere distant comet, forming a shield
around our solar system. This distant sphere of comets called the Oort cloud.
Our land, as well as all the other planets and moons of our solar system, living in a sort of "cosmic shooting gallery." Many astronomers believe that most stars sporting planets like the sun. Baby planets hordes, competing for space around nascent stars, engage in violent interactions that trigger some of their planetary systems in space. These planets rejected and deported now float tragically lost and alone without a parent star to call their own. If our Sun had a small companion - as a red dwarf - Uranus and Neptune would likely be "free floating" beyond our solar system now. A red dwarf star is smaller than our sun red dwarfs are also the most numerous stars in our galaxy.
But our solar system is relatively quiet today, and he spent virtually unchanged for 4.5 billion years - our sun is a very stable without intrusive companion star star to wreak havoc with your family. Thus, our solar system is not typical of the least peaceful domestic scenes around many other stars. Some less fortunate stars are forced to endure the antics of some very wild planet-children - as well as asteroids and comets looters.
The "King of Planets"
Jupiter is by far the largest planet in our solar system. The fifth planet from our sun is more than twice as massive as all the other seven major planets in our solar system combined peaceful lives! In fact, the heavy mass of Jupiter weighs 318 times bigger than our planet!
Jupiter has been known since prehistoric times as a point of a "wandering star" glowing. Jupiter is so big that it is possible for a gas giant planet to be, and still be a gas giant planet. gas giant planets may (or may not) relatively small port solid surfaces secreted in huge gas envelopes. A star can grow larger than Jupiter, but a star has an internal heat source. Jupiter, however, be at least 80 times the mass to be a star.
However, this "King of Planets" is big enough to have greatly influenced the evolution of our solar system. As scientific knowledge in the general will, is a gas giant planet like Jupiter is happy located in the right position throughout the solar system around any star, looters dangerous comets invade the solar system within their icy home, dark and cold in the outer limits, will be diverted. So, Jupiter-like planets protect the home, hospital inner planets, allowing life to emerge and evolve in these happy worlds.
So in this scenario, Jupiter would be a guard - objects reduce potentially affect life threatening, a much smaller number.
The horde of rampaging now includes short-period comets and asteroids. Asteroids Near Earth (NEAS) live not only in the main belt between Mars and Jupiter, but also in the solar system as well. Some NEA are the pathetic remains of badly battered comets with short periods. Although long-period comets were actually deflected by the "King of Planets" that revolve around its current orbit, these comets are only 5% of the threat.
In each case, the incidence rate of these objects is significantly lower for planetary systems that include a huge Jupiter (like ours) than for those with a Saturn-mass (or slightly less) planet in one place. However, for mass less than ~ 0.15 times that of Jupiter, the impingement flow sustained by a planet Earth decreases considerably in both cases, so that the rate of impact of Jupiter are not present (or just a very low-mass occupied planet Jupiter orbit) would actually lower than for scenarios involving our Jupiter. Simulations leaving astronomers with a complex picture regarding the role of the giant planets - and that clearly has implications for the study of the planets living beyond our solar system. Given the large number of attractive global targets around nearby stars, choosing to study systems for astrobiological research is of great importance.
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